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Relative Intelligence · Investment Banking & Brokerage

How Robinhood Markets (HOOD) compares with the whole market and its popular alternatives

Built by QuantCommons' quantitative engine, this page is about relative opportunity, not data on HOOD alone. It places HOOD (Robinhood Markets, Inc.) against 20+ popular alternatives, its neighboring categories and the entire market of over 10,000 U.S.-listed stocks and ETFs, and surfaces what has done better on consistent outperformance, return for the risk taken, behavior in real market crashes and diversification. The result is a clearer view of where HOOD stands in the market, and of the alternatives worth a closer look.

Period covered: HOOD's full trading record, from July 2021 through September 2026. The crash tests reach back to 2000 using older funds and the S&P 500. All returns include reinvested dividends. Data as of October 20, 2026.

Data as of October 20, 2026. Full tables and charts read best on a larger screen.

Rank the market against HOOD →Chart HOOD vs. 21 alternatives →
On this page12 sections

Key findings

How much would $10,000 in HOOD have grown?

This chart tracks a hypothetical $10,000 investment in HOOD over the past 5 years, with dividends reinvested, alongside the same amount in the S&P 500, investments that ended ahead of HOOD over the same span and HOOD's popular alternatives, among those that traded for the entire period. It shows not only where each investment ended up but also how smooth or uneven the path was.

Note: HOOD began trading on July 29, 2021, so the chart cannot reach back to the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. It covers the most recent 5 years of HOOD's record, starting at the end of September 2021.

From the end of September 2021 to the end of September 2026. The scale is logarithmic, so equal steps up the chart are equal percentage gains. Hover over a fund in the key to pick out its line. 432 of the 3,628 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million that traded the whole period ended ahead of HOOD; the chart shows 5, closest alternatives first. The other 3 lines are popular alternatives, shown for context.

$2,000$5,000$10,000$20,000$50,000202120222023202420252026$2,000$5,000$10,000$20,000$50,000202120222023202420252026
  • BBVA$57,750+478% total · +42.0% a year
  • IBKR$56,308+463% total · +41.3% a year
  • HSBC$51,297+413% total · +38.7% a year
  • MUFG$44,537+345% total · +34.8% a year
  • OPY$28,799+188% total · +23.6% a year
  • VIRT$26,921+169% total · +21.9% a year
  • GS$26,885+169% total · +21.9% a year
  • HOOD$26,734+167% total · +21.7% a year
  • CBOE$23,731+137% total · +18.9% a year
  • SPY (S&P 500)$19,000+90.0% total · +13.7% a year
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HOOD at a glance

This section summarizes the key facts about the stock, its returns over periods from one to ten years and the risk it has carried, with dividends reinvested throughout. These figures serve as the baseline for every comparison that follows.

Note: HOOD began trading on July 29, 2021, so every figure here, including its worst decline, covers only the time since then. None of them reflect the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.

The company

Market value
$78B
Industry
Financial - Capital Markets
Price history from
July 2021

Returns

Past 1 year
−27.7%total return
Past 3 years
+976%+121% a year
Past 5 years
+135%+18.6% a year
Best calendar year
+204%2025
Worst calendar year
−54.2%2022
Losing years
1 of 4full calendar years

Risk

Volatility
68.6%typical yearly swing, 5 years
Sharpe ratio
0.59return per unit of risk, 5 years
Worst decline ever
−90.2%Aug 2021 to Jun 2022
From its all-time high
−35.6%below the peak

HOOD against the whole market

Where HOOD ranks among every stock and fund, and what across the market has done better.

How does HOOD rank among all stocks?

This section ranks HOOD on return, volatility, risk-adjusted return and worst decline against every stock worth at least $300 million with enough history. Where the comparisons with its popular alternatives show how HOOD stacks up against its peers, these rankings show where it stands in the market as a whole.

Ranked against U.S.-listed stocks worth at least $300M that have enough history for each measure, so the count changes from row to row; smaller stocks are left out. Lower volatility and smaller declines rank higher.

MeasureHOODRankStanding
1-year return−27.7%2,806 of 3,287bottom 16%
3-year return+976%30 of 3,017top 1%
5-year return+135%508 of 2,893top 18%
Volatility, 5 years68.6%2,477 of 2,893bottom 15%
Sharpe ratio, 5 years0.59702 of 2,893top 24%

What has beaten HOOD on both return and risk?

Each dot is an investment, placed by how much it earned a year over the past 5 years (higher is better) and how much its price swung, its volatility (further left is calmer). HOOD sits where the dashed lines cross. Anything in the green box above and to the left earned more than HOOD with smaller swings, a better trade-off over this period on both counts. Past results are no promise, but a name in the box is worth a closer look.

Annual return is the annualized total return with dividends reinvested, and volatility the annualized swing in daily prices, both over 5 years. Labeled dots are the strongest picks from the table below and the names called out above, colored by how close they sit to HOOD; faint dots are 93 more of the 417 in the green region (the strongest, one per fund family). 3,633 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million were screened. Hover over a dot for its figures.

10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%50.0%60.0%70.0%80.0%0.0%20.0%40.0%60.0%80.0%100%120%Volatility over 5 years (annualized)Annual return over 5 yearsMore return, less volatility than HOODPBR-A: +51.8% a year, volatility 37.5%NVDA: +58.0% a year, volatility 51.9%HWM: +47.3% a year, volatility 32.5%CAH: +42.1% a year, volatility 24.7%FIX: +77.0% a year, volatility 46.7%MPLX: +23.5% a year, volatility 18.8%AVGO: +48.3% a year, volatility 44.5%TSM: +31.5% a year, volatility 38.5%LLY: +40.7% a year, volatility 32.8%ATI: +61.8% a year, volatility 42.9%WMT: +20.8% a year, volatility 22.6%CRS: +63.9% a year, volatility 46.5%XOM: +27.1% a year, volatility 26.5%AMD: +35.7% a year, volatility 57.6%ABBV: +26.1% a year, volatility 23.4%GE: +36.0% a year, volatility 31.0%CAT: +31.1% a year, volatility 31.9%DELL: +55.2% a year, volatility 54.4%PM: +21.0% a year, volatility 23.4%LRCX: +37.4% a year, volatility 49.9%PBR: +50.3% a year, volatility 37.5%ANET: +49.0% a year, volatility 49.0%SHEL: +21.0% a year, volatility 24.8%MCK: +38.7% a year, volatility 25.0%INSW: +56.5% a year, volatility 40.5%PANW: +31.9% a year, volatility 43.4%APH: +33.8% a year, volatility 32.2%STX: +57.4% a year, volatility 48.7%AMAT: +25.8% a year, volatility 47.4%WELL: +26.0% a year, volatility 23.8%KLAC: +38.7% a year, volatility 46.7%GILD: +22.8% a year, volatility 24.9%VLO: +44.2% a year, volatility 36.9%WDC: +53.7% a year, volatility 53.5%CRWD: +26.3% a year, volatility 52.7%TJX: +19.9% a year, volatility 22.3%SCCO: +32.0% a year, volatility 40.7%BELFB: +78.0% a year, volatility 52.1%PSX: +33.2% a year, volatility 32.9%PH: +27.4% a year, volatility 28.8%ASX: +48.8% a year, volatility 43.0%PGR: +21.3% a year, volatility 25.6%PWR: +39.3% a year, volatility 37.2%VRTX: +22.6% a year, volatility 29.1%SU: +33.1% a year, volatility 32.5%ETN: +20.4% a year, volatility 32.1%CNQ: +26.5% a year, volatility 32.5%WMB: +24.6% a year, volatility 24.0%GLW: +31.4% a year, volatility 42.1%TRV: +22.4% a year, volatility 22.3%TT: +22.7% a year, volatility 27.7%MAR: +22.0% a year, volatility 28.6%VRT: +54.2% a year, volatility 64.2%E: +23.0% a year, volatility 25.6%AEM: +29.5% a year, volatility 38.4%IMO: +34.3% a year, volatility 32.0%COR: +24.2% a year, volatility 22.8%MFC: +22.6% a year, volatility 24.0%GWW: +26.3% a year, volatility 24.9%HLT: +21.0% a year, volatility 26.8%VST: +53.4% a year, volatility 48.6%HPE: +32.9% a year, volatility 42.2%RCL: +28.8% a year, volatility 48.4%CMI: +19.9% a year, volatility 29.0%WAB: +25.6% a year, volatility 26.2%CIEN: +45.2% a year, volatility 52.6%WPM: +27.5% a year, volatility 36.9%LNG: +23.4% a year, volatility 30.2%ESLT: +39.8% a year, volatility 34.6%URI: +24.3% a year, volatility 39.1%EME: +43.0% a year, volatility 35.3%CCEP: +19.7% a year, volatility 23.2%AU: +40.4% a year, volatility 49.9%XLE: +22.6% a year, volatility 25.5%RVMD: +48.8% a year, volatility 62.1%NTRA: +29.3% a year, volatility 57.6%NUE: +21.7% a year, volatility 37.4%ARGX: +24.1% a year, volatility 39.9%BKR: +19.7% a year, volatility 34.6%P: +37.3% a year, volatility 55.0%STLD: +32.2% a year, volatility 38.0%ACGL: +20.1% a year, volatility 24.5%JBL: +35.8% a year, volatility 39.6%IRM: +24.6% a year, volatility 30.3%SDCI: +20.6% a year, volatility 18.4%CASY: +29.9% a year, volatility 29.3%FLEX: +36.0% a year, volatility 48.2%NTAP: +20.9% a year, volatility 35.3%GFI: +35.5% a year, volatility 53.4%SBS: +39.1% a year, volatility 37.1%TS: +24.3% a year, volatility 33.3%KOF: +22.3% a year, volatility 24.7%NVT: +35.4% a year, volatility 38.0%HOOD: +18.6% a year, volatility 68.6%SPY (S&P 500): +12.7% a year, volatility 17.1%IBKR: +35.4% a year, volatility 35.4%GS: +19.6% a year, volatility 28.6%CBOE: +21.5% a year, volatility 25.1%VIRT: +20.8% a year, volatility 33.8%HSBC: +33.1% a year, volatility 25.9%MUFG: +33.2% a year, volatility 29.4%BBVA: +38.7% a year, volatility 33.3%SAN: +31.7% a year, volatility 33.9%MFG: +33.6% a year, volatility 30.6%CM: +19.2% a year, volatility 21.6%MU: +68.1% a year, volatility 57.1%LITE: +57.3% a year, volatility 64.5%PLTR: +51.4% a year, volatility 67.0%MPC: +51.2% a year, volatility 33.4%DXJ: +26.6% a year, volatility 19.1%SMH: +33.4% a year, volatility 36.9%ETON: +55.6% a year, volatility 66.1%AAPL: +18.5% a year, volatility 28.0%CLS: +101% a year, volatility 59.7%HOODSPY (S&P 500)IBKRGSCBOEVIRTHSBCMUFGBBVACMMULITEPLTRMPCDXJSMHCLS0.0%20.0%40.0%60.0%80.0%0.0%20.0%40.0%60.0%80.0%100%120%Volatility over 5 years (annualized)Annual return over 5 yearsMore return, less volatility than HOODPBR-A: +51.8% a year, volatility 37.5%NVDA: +58.0% a year, volatility 51.9%HWM: +47.3% a year, volatility 32.5%CAH: +42.1% a year, volatility 24.7%FIX: +77.0% a year, volatility 46.7%MPLX: +23.5% a year, volatility 18.8%AVGO: +48.3% a year, volatility 44.5%TSM: +31.5% a year, volatility 38.5%LLY: +40.7% a year, volatility 32.8%ATI: +61.8% a year, volatility 42.9%WMT: +20.8% a year, volatility 22.6%CRS: +63.9% a year, volatility 46.5%XOM: +27.1% a year, volatility 26.5%AMD: +35.7% a year, volatility 57.6%ABBV: +26.1% a year, volatility 23.4%GE: +36.0% a year, volatility 31.0%CAT: +31.1% a year, volatility 31.9%DELL: +55.2% a year, volatility 54.4%PM: +21.0% a year, volatility 23.4%LRCX: +37.4% a year, volatility 49.9%PBR: +50.3% a year, volatility 37.5%ANET: +49.0% a year, volatility 49.0%SHEL: +21.0% a year, volatility 24.8%MCK: +38.7% a year, volatility 25.0%INSW: +56.5% a year, volatility 40.5%PANW: +31.9% a year, volatility 43.4%APH: +33.8% a year, volatility 32.2%STX: +57.4% a year, volatility 48.7%AMAT: +25.8% a year, volatility 47.4%WELL: +26.0% a year, volatility 23.8%KLAC: +38.7% a year, volatility 46.7%GILD: +22.8% a year, volatility 24.9%VLO: +44.2% a year, volatility 36.9%WDC: +53.7% a year, volatility 53.5%CRWD: +26.3% a year, volatility 52.7%TJX: +19.9% a year, volatility 22.3%SCCO: +32.0% a year, volatility 40.7%BELFB: +78.0% a year, volatility 52.1%PSX: +33.2% a year, volatility 32.9%PH: +27.4% a year, volatility 28.8%ASX: +48.8% a year, volatility 43.0%PGR: +21.3% a year, volatility 25.6%PWR: +39.3% a year, volatility 37.2%VRTX: +22.6% a year, volatility 29.1%SU: +33.1% a year, volatility 32.5%ETN: +20.4% a year, volatility 32.1%CNQ: +26.5% a year, volatility 32.5%WMB: +24.6% a year, volatility 24.0%GLW: +31.4% a year, volatility 42.1%TRV: +22.4% a year, volatility 22.3%TT: +22.7% a year, volatility 27.7%MAR: +22.0% a year, volatility 28.6%VRT: +54.2% a year, volatility 64.2%E: +23.0% a year, volatility 25.6%AEM: +29.5% a year, volatility 38.4%IMO: +34.3% a year, volatility 32.0%COR: +24.2% a year, volatility 22.8%MFC: +22.6% a year, volatility 24.0%GWW: +26.3% a year, volatility 24.9%HLT: +21.0% a year, volatility 26.8%VST: +53.4% a year, volatility 48.6%HPE: +32.9% a year, volatility 42.2%RCL: +28.8% a year, volatility 48.4%CMI: +19.9% a year, volatility 29.0%WAB: +25.6% a year, volatility 26.2%CIEN: +45.2% a year, volatility 52.6%WPM: +27.5% a year, volatility 36.9%LNG: +23.4% a year, volatility 30.2%ESLT: +39.8% a year, volatility 34.6%URI: +24.3% a year, volatility 39.1%EME: +43.0% a year, volatility 35.3%CCEP: +19.7% a year, volatility 23.2%AU: +40.4% a year, volatility 49.9%XLE: +22.6% a year, volatility 25.5%RVMD: +48.8% a year, volatility 62.1%NTRA: +29.3% a year, volatility 57.6%NUE: +21.7% a year, volatility 37.4%ARGX: +24.1% a year, volatility 39.9%BKR: +19.7% a year, volatility 34.6%P: +37.3% a year, volatility 55.0%STLD: +32.2% a year, volatility 38.0%ACGL: +20.1% a year, volatility 24.5%JBL: +35.8% a year, volatility 39.6%IRM: +24.6% a year, volatility 30.3%SDCI: +20.6% a year, volatility 18.4%CASY: +29.9% a year, volatility 29.3%FLEX: +36.0% a year, volatility 48.2%NTAP: +20.9% a year, volatility 35.3%GFI: +35.5% a year, volatility 53.4%SBS: +39.1% a year, volatility 37.1%TS: +24.3% a year, volatility 33.3%KOF: +22.3% a year, volatility 24.7%NVT: +35.4% a year, volatility 38.0%HOOD: +18.6% a year, volatility 68.6%SPY (S&P 500): +12.7% a year, volatility 17.1%IBKR: +35.4% a year, volatility 35.4%GS: +19.6% a year, volatility 28.6%CBOE: +21.5% a year, volatility 25.1%VIRT: +20.8% a year, volatility 33.8%HSBC: +33.1% a year, volatility 25.9%MUFG: +33.2% a year, volatility 29.4%BBVA: +38.7% a year, volatility 33.3%SAN: +31.7% a year, volatility 33.9%MFG: +33.6% a year, volatility 30.6%CM: +19.2% a year, volatility 21.6%MU: +68.1% a year, volatility 57.1%LITE: +57.3% a year, volatility 64.5%PLTR: +51.4% a year, volatility 67.0%MPC: +51.2% a year, volatility 33.4%DXJ: +26.6% a year, volatility 19.1%SMH: +33.4% a year, volatility 36.9%ETON: +55.6% a year, volatility 66.1%AAPL: +18.5% a year, volatility 28.0%CLS: +101% a year, volatility 59.7%HOODSPY (S&P 500)IBKRGSCBOEVIRTHSBCMUFGCMMULITEPLTRMPCETONCLS
  • Popular alternatives
  • Same and neighboring categories, and shared themes
  • The whole market
  • Others in the green region

Is there a better investment than HOOD?

Investments that beat HOOD over the past 5 years on return, volatility, drawdowns, consistency, crash losses or fees, from its popular alternatives out to the whole market.

How this works

The table below lists investments that beat HOOD over the past 5 years on at least one of these measures: a higher annual return with lower volatility, a higher annual return at similar volatility, a similar return with lower volatility, a higher Sharpe ratio with a smaller worst decline, a higher total return in most periods from 3 months to 10 years, or smaller losses in recent market crashes. It checks HOOD's popular alternatives first, then the rest of its own and neighboring categories, then every stock and fund worth at least $500 million, and shows the strongest few in each group. The full list of those with a higher return and lower volatility than HOOD follows the table.

Annual return is the annualized total return with dividends reinvested. Annual return, volatility and the Sharpe ratio cover 5 years; the worst decline covers the past 10 years. Green marks a better figure than HOOD's. "On the frontier" means no other option shown or tested earned more with less volatility. Funds that hold the same thing are shown once. Beyond the popular alternatives, nothing with more than 1.5× HOOD's volatility counts as better.

These figures cover the past 5 years. Green marks a better figure than HOOD's.

Screen the whole market against HOOD for any period in BetterThanSPYOpen these 19 in EasyCompare
InvestmentWhy it is betterPast 5 yearsDownsideLong runFit
Annual return?higher is betterVolatility?lower is calmerSharpe?return per unit of riskWorst decline?past 10 years5Y returntotalCorr. with HOOD?lower diversifies moreExpenseper year
HOODRobinhood Markets, Inc. · this page
+18.6%68.6%0.59−90.2%+135%1.00—
SPYState Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF · S&P 500
+12.7%17.1%0.79−33.7%+81.7%0.500.09%
Popular alternativesbest 4 shownThe investments people most often weigh against HOOD. 4 of 18 passed at least one test.
IBKRInteractive Brokers Group, Inc. · Investment Banking & Brokerage
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+35.4%35.4%1.04−55.1%+355%0.60—
GSThe Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. · Capital Markets
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+19.6%28.6%0.77−48.8%+145%0.53—
CBOECboe Global Markets, Inc. · Capital Markets
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+21.5%25.1%0.91−43.2%+165%-0.09—
VIRTVirtu Financial, Inc. · Capital Markets
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+20.8%33.8%0.73−56.2%+158%0.24—
Same and neighboring categories, and shared themesbest 6 shownEverything else in Investment Banking & Brokerage and Capital Markets and the categories next to it (Asset Management, Banks, Alternative Asset Management, Financial Data), plus HOOD's specific themes. 34 of 123 passed at least one test.
HSBCHSBC Holdings plc · Banks
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+33.1%25.9%1.24−62.3%+318%0.03—
MUFGMitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. · Banks
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+33.2%29.4%1.13−54.9%+319%0.15—
BBVABanco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. · Banks
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+38.7%33.3%1.16−69.6%+413%0.21—
SANBanco Santander, S.A. · Banks
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+31.7%33.9%0.99−73.8%+295%0.27—
MFGMizuho Financial Group, Inc. · Banks
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+33.6%30.6%1.10−45.7%+326%0.29—
CMCanadian Imperial Bank of Commerce · Banks
Similar return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+19.2%21.6%0.93−47.3%+141%0.32—
The whole marketbest 8 shownEvery other stock and fund worth at least $500 million. 527 of 3,492 passed at least one test.
MUMicron Technology, Inc. · Semiconductors
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods+68.1%57.1%1.20−57.6%+1,244%0.36—
LITELumentum Holdings Inc. · Communications Equipment
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods+57.3%64.5%1.03−66.9%+863%0.18—
PLTRPalantir Technologies Inc. · Enterprise Software
Higher return, similar volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods+51.4%67.0%0.95−84.6%+695%0.50—
MPCMarathon Petroleum Corporation · Oil & Gas
On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+51.2%33.4%1.41−79.7%+690%0.16—
DXJWisdomTree Japan Hedged Equity Fund · International Equity
On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+26.6%19.1%1.34−39.1%+225%0.160.48%
SMHVanEck Semiconductor ETF · Semiconductors
Higher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+33.4%36.9%0.97−45.3%+323%0.410.35%
ETONEton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Generic
Higher return, similar volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods+55.6%66.1%0.99−79.9%+811%0.27—
AAPLApple Inc. · Computer Hardware
Similar return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst decline+18.5%28.0%0.75−38.5%+133%0.21—
What these numbers mean for HOOD
Annual return
HOOD returned 18.6% a year over the past 5 years with dividends reinvested, against 12.7% a year for the S&P 500. At that pace, $10,000 became about $23,500. Annual return is the steady yearly rate that would produce the same total result, so investments held over the same span compare fairly. Guide: What is performance and return? →
Volatility
HOOD's volatility over the past 5 years was 68.6%, 4.0 times the S&P 500's 17.1%. Volatility measures how widely returns swing around their average: in roughly two years out of three, HOOD's return lands within 68.6% of its average, either way. The higher it is, the rougher the ride and the harder it is to hold through a slump. Guide: Understanding and measuring risk (volatility) →
Sharpe ratio
HOOD's Sharpe ratio over the past 5 years was 0.59, against 0.79 for the S&P 500, so HOOD earned less for each unit of risk than an index fund did. The Sharpe ratio is the return earned above cash for each unit of volatility: two investments with the same return are not equal if one got there with far bigger swings. Guide: Balancing reward with risk (Sharpe ratio) →
Worst decline
HOOD's worst fall from a peak to a low over the past 10 years was 90.2%, against 33.7% for the S&P 500. Losses and gains are not symmetric: climbing back from a 90.2% fall takes a 921% gain. Guide: Market crash risk and tail risk →
Correlation
Over the past 5 years, HOOD's monthly returns had a correlation of 0.50 with the S&P 500. Correlation runs from 1 (moving in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to −1 (moving in opposite directions). They often move together: some diversification next to an index fund, but not a cushion. In the table, the correlation column measures each option against HOOD instead: the lower it is, the more that option would diversify a HOOD holding. Guide: Correlation and diversification →
Show all 417 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million that earned more than HOOD with less volatility

Out of 3,633 tested over 5 years. The strongest 100 are listed, best first, with funds that hold the same thing listed once.

#InvestmentFound inAnnual returnVolatilitySharpeWorst decline5Y returnCorr. with HOODExpense
1
MUMicron Technology, Inc. · Semiconductors
Whole market+68.1%57.1%1.20−57.6%+1,244%0.36—
2
LITELumentum Holdings Inc. · Communications Equipment
Whole market+57.3%64.5%1.03−66.9%+863%0.18—
3
MPCMarathon Petroleum Corporation · Oil & Gas
Whole market+51.2%33.4%1.41−79.7%+690%0.16—
4
PBR-APetróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+51.8%37.5%1.31−71.7%+705%-0.10—
5
NVDANVIDIA Corporation · Semiconductors
Whole market+58.0%51.9%1.14−66.3%+884%0.36—
6
HWMHowmet Aerospace Inc. · Aerospace & Defense
Whole market+47.3%32.5%1.36−68.9%+594%0.34—
7
CAHCardinal Health, Inc. · Health Care Distribution
Whole market+42.1%24.7%1.55−46.1%+479%0.10—
8
FIXComfort Systems USA, Inc. · Engineering & Construction
Whole market+77.0%46.7%1.46−49.7%+1,636%0.38—
9
MPLXMPLX Lp · Oil & Gas Midstream
Whole market+23.5%18.8%1.22−75.2%+187%0.22—
10
CLSCelestica Inc. · Electronics Manufacturing
Whole market+101%59.7%1.47−80.6%+3,143%0.52—
11
AVGOBroadcom Inc. · Semiconductors
Whole market+48.3%44.5%1.11−48.3%+617%0.23—
12
TSMTaiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited · Semiconductors
Whole market+31.5%38.5%0.91−56.6%+293%0.32—
13
LLYEli Lilly and Company · Pharmaceuticals
Whole market+40.7%32.8%1.21−34.5%+451%0.00—
14
ATIATI Inc. · Metals & Mining
Whole market+61.8%42.9%1.34−82.4%+1,008%0.23—
15
WMTWalmart Inc. · Discount Retail
Whole market+20.8%22.6%0.96−25.7%+158%0.25—
16
CRSCarpenter Technology Corporation · Metals & Mining
Whole market+63.9%46.5%1.30−74.7%+1,082%0.32—
17
XOMExxonmobil Holdings Corporation · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+27.1%26.5%1.04−61.0%+232%-0.13—
18
AMDAdvanced Micro Devices, Inc. · Semiconductors
Whole market+35.7%57.6%0.82−65.5%+359%0.23—
19
ABBVAbbVie Inc. · Pharmaceuticals
Whole market+26.1%23.4%1.11−45.1%+218%-0.04—
20
GEGE Aerospace · Aerospace & Defense
Whole market+36.0%31.0%1.15−80.9%+366%0.45—
21
DXJWisdomTree Japan Hedged Equity Fund · International Equity
Whole market+26.6%19.1%1.34−39.1%+225%0.160.48%
22
CATCaterpillar Inc. · Industrial Machinery
Whole market+31.1%31.9%1.01−43.4%+288%0.38—
23
DELLDell Technologies Inc. · Computer Hardware
Whole market+55.2%54.4%1.08−59.6%+800%0.26—
24
PMPhilip Morris International Inc. · Tobacco
Whole market+21.0%23.4%0.94−42.9%+159%-0.02—
25
LRCXLam Research Corporation · Semiconductor Equipment
Whole market+37.4%49.9%0.89−56.4%+390%0.38—
26
PBRPetróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+50.3%37.5%1.28−75.3%+667%-0.14—
27
ANETArista Networks, Inc. · Communications Equipment
Whole market+49.0%49.0%1.06−52.2%+634%0.19—
28
SHELShell plc · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+21.0%24.8%0.90−67.2%+159%-0.13—
29
MCKMcKesson Corporation · Health Care Distribution
Whole market+38.7%25.0%1.44−38.1%+413%0.04—
30
INSWInternational Seaways, Inc. · Oil & Gas
Whole market+56.5%40.5%1.31−57.4%+839%-0.02—
31
PANWPalo Alto Networks, Inc. · Cybersecurity
Whole market+31.9%43.4%0.86−48.0%+299%0.23—
32
APHAmphenol Corporation · Electronic Components
Whole market+33.8%32.2%1.07−37.5%+329%0.44—
33
STXSeagate Technology Holdings plc · Computer Hardware
Whole market+57.4%48.7%1.18−57.0%+866%0.30—
34
AMATApplied Materials, Inc. · Semiconductor Equipment
Whole market+25.8%47.4%0.72−55.1%+215%0.31—
35
WELLWelltower Inc. · Healthcare REITs
Whole market+26.0%23.8%1.09−63.3%+217%0.12—
36
KLACKLA Corporation · Semiconductor Equipment
Whole market+38.7%46.7%0.94−46.3%+413%0.29—
37
GILDGilead Sciences, Inc. · Biotechnology
Whole market+22.8%24.9%0.95−30.5%+180%0.07—
38
VLOValero Energy Corporation · Oil & Gas
Whole market+44.2%36.9%1.18−71.9%+524%0.16—
39
WDCWestern Digital Corporation · Computer Hardware
Whole market+53.7%53.5%1.07−70.5%+759%0.32—
40
CRWDCrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. · Cybersecurity
Whole market+26.3%52.7%0.71−67.7%+221%0.45—
41
TJXThe TJX Companies, Inc. · Specialty Retail
Whole market+19.9%22.3%0.93−42.5%+147%0.17—
42
SCCOSouthern Copper Corporation · Metals & Mining
Whole market+32.0%40.7%0.89−55.3%+301%0.24—
43
BELFBBel Fuse Inc. · Hardware, Equipment & Parts
Whole market+78.0%52.1%1.37−79.8%+1,688%0.19—
44
PSXPhillips 66 · Oil & Gas
Whole market+33.2%32.9%1.04−64.2%+319%0.11—
45
PHParker-Hannifin Corporation · Industrial Machinery
Whole market+27.4%28.8%0.99−54.7%+235%0.32—
46
ASXASE Technology Holding Co., Ltd. · Semiconductors
Whole market+48.8%43.0%1.15−52.5%+631%0.23—
47
PGRThe Progressive Corporation · Property & Casualty Insurance
Whole market+21.3%25.6%0.89−30.3%+162%-0.01—
48
PWRQuanta Services, Inc. · Engineering & Construction
Whole market+39.3%37.2%1.08−45.5%+425%0.42—
49
VRTXVertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated · Biotechnology
Whole market+22.6%29.1%0.85−41.6%+177%0.07—
50
SUSuncor Energy Inc. · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+33.1%32.5%1.05−73.5%+318%-0.10—
51
ETNEaton Corporation plc · Electrical Equipment
Whole market+20.4%32.1%0.74−44.5%+153%0.37—
52
CNQCanadian Natural Resources Limited · Oil & Gas
Whole market+26.5%32.5%0.89−77.5%+224%-0.04—
53
WMBThe Williams Companies, Inc. · Oil & Gas Midstream
Whole market+24.6%24.0%1.04−68.1%+200%0.15—
54
GLWCorning Inc · Electronic Components
Whole market+31.4%42.1%0.86−51.5%+292%0.20—
55
TRVThe Travelers Companies, Inc. · Property & Casualty Insurance
Whole market+22.4%22.3%1.02−46.3%+174%0.09—
56
TTTrane Technologies plc · Building Products
Whole market+22.7%27.7%0.88−40.5%+178%0.32—
57
MARMarriott International, Inc. · Hotels & Resorts
Whole market+22.0%28.6%0.84−61.3%+170%0.32—
58
VRTVertiv Holdings Co · Electrical Equipment
Whole market+54.2%64.2%1.01−71.3%+772%0.33—
59
EEni S.p.A. · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+23.0%25.6%0.94−61.4%+181%-0.09—
60
AEMAgnico Eagle Mines Limited · Gold Mining
Whole market+29.5%38.4%0.87−54.2%+264%0.13—
61
IMOImperial Oil Limited · Integrated Oil & Gas
Whole market+34.3%32.0%1.09−77.1%+337%0.01—
62
CORCencora, Inc. · Health Care Distribution
Whole market+24.2%22.8%1.07−32.4%+195%0.04—
63
MFCManulife Financial Corporation · Life Insurance
Whole market+22.6%24.0%0.97−57.5%+177%0.32—
64
GWWW.W. Grainger, Inc. · Industrial Distribution
Whole market+26.3%24.9%1.07−41.6%+221%0.13—
65
HLTHilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. · Hotels & Resorts
Whole market+21.0%26.8%0.85−50.8%+160%0.33—
66
VSTVistra Corp. · Independent Power Producers
Whole market+53.4%48.6%1.13−53.3%+748%0.48—
67
SMHVanEck Semiconductor ETF · Semiconductors
Whole market+33.4%36.9%0.97−45.3%+323%0.410.35%
68
HPEHewlett Packard Enterprise Company · Computer Hardware
Whole market+32.9%42.2%0.89−56.9%+315%0.38—
69
RCLRoyal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. · Cruise Lines
Whole market+28.8%48.4%0.77−83.3%+255%0.42—
70
CMICummins Inc. · Industrial Machinery
Whole market+19.9%29.0%0.77−44.0%+148%0.37—
71
WABWestinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation · Industrial Machinery
Whole market+25.6%26.2%1.00−64.1%+212%0.28—
72
CIENCiena Corporation · Communications Equipment
Whole market+45.2%52.6%0.97−49.5%+546%0.10—
73
WPMWheaton Precious Metals Corp. · Metals & Mining
Whole market+27.5%36.9%0.85−46.7%+236%0.00—
74
LNGCheniere Energy, Inc. · Oil & Gas
Whole market+23.4%30.2%0.85−57.5%+186%-0.01—
75
ESLTElbit Systems Ltd. · Aerospace & Defense
Whole market+39.8%34.6%1.15−35.4%+435%-0.02—
76
URIUnited Rentals, Inc. · Equipment Rental
Whole market+24.3%39.1%0.75−63.3%+196%0.38—
77
EMEEMCOR Group, Inc. · Engineering & Construction
Whole market+43.0%35.3%1.20−48.0%+499%0.44—
78
CCEPCoca-Cola Europacific Partners PLC · Food & Beverages
Whole market+19.7%23.2%0.90−48.8%+146%-0.06—
79
AUAngloGold Ashanti Plc · Gold Mining
Whole market+40.4%49.9%0.93−66.3%+445%0.01—
80
XLEState Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF · Energy Equity
Whole market+22.6%25.5%0.93−66.8%+177%0.040.08%
81
RVMDRevolution Medicines, Inc. · Biotechnology
Whole market+48.8%62.1%0.95−73.3%+630%0.19—
82
NTRANatera, Inc. · Medical Diagnostics
Whole market+29.3%57.6%0.74−77.7%+261%0.39—
83
NUENucor Corporation · Metals & Mining
Whole market+21.7%37.4%0.72−57.2%+167%0.18—
84
ARGXargenx SE · Biotechnology
Whole market+24.1%39.9%0.74−38.2%+194%0.11—
85
BKRBaker Hughes Company · Oilfield Services
Whole market+19.7%34.6%0.70−73.5%+146%0.24—
86
PEverpure, Inc. · Computer Hardware
Whole market+37.3%55.0%0.85−69.4%+388%0.43—
87
STLDSteel Dynamics, Inc. · Metals & Mining
Whole market+32.2%38.0%0.93−68.5%+304%0.26—
88
ACGLArch Capital Group Ltd. · Property & Casualty Insurance
Whole market+20.1%24.5%0.87−53.8%+150%-0.06—
89
JBLJabil Inc. · Electronics Manufacturing
Whole market+35.8%39.6%0.97−57.3%+361%0.44—
90
IRMIron Mountain Incorporated · Specialty REITs
Whole market+24.6%30.3%0.88−39.0%+200%0.24—
91
SDCIUSCF SummerHaven Dynamic Commodity Strategy No K-1 Fund · Bonds
Whole market+20.6%18.4%1.12−45.7%+156%-0.060.80%
92
CASYCasey's General Stores, Inc. · Convenience Stores
Whole market+29.9%29.3%1.04−36.1%+270%0.20—
93
HSBCHSBC Holdings plc · Banks
Same or nearby category+33.1%25.9%1.24−62.3%+318%0.03—
94
FLEXFlex Ltd. · Electronics Manufacturing
Whole market+36.0%48.2%0.88−70.0%+365%0.41—
95
NTAPNetApp, Inc. · Computer Hardware
Whole market+20.9%35.3%0.71−58.1%+159%0.41—
96
GFIGold Fields Limited · Gold Mining
Whole market+35.5%53.4%0.84−56.2%+356%-0.05—
97
SBSCompanhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo - SABESP · Water Utilities
Whole market+39.1%37.1%1.08−62.0%+420%0.08—
98
TSTenaris S.A. · Oilfield Services
Whole market+24.3%33.3%0.82−75.1%+197%0.18—
99
KOFCoca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. · Food & Beverages
Whole market+22.3%24.7%0.94−55.1%+174%0.00—
100
NVTnVent Electric plc · Electrical Equipment
Whole market+35.4%38.0%0.99−56.2%+356%0.41—

HOOD against its popular alternatives

The investments people most often weigh against HOOD, compared period by period and year by year.

How do HOOD's risk and return compare with its alternatives?

This map plots each investment's annual return over the past 5 years against its volatility, the size of its typical price swings. Investments toward the upper left earned more for a smoother ride, and those toward the lower right earned less for a rougher one. The dashed lines cross at HOOD, which divides the map into what did better or worse on each measure.

Green points earned more than HOOD with less volatility; red points earned less with more. Hover over a point for its figures. Total returns with dividends reinvested, annualized.

10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%50.0%60.0%70.0%80.0%90.0%−30.0%−20.0%−10.0%0.0%10.0%20.0%30.0%40.0%Volatility over 5 years (annualized)Annual return over 5 yearsHigher return, lower volatilityLower return, higher volatilityHOOD: 18.6% a year, volatility 68.6%SPY (S&P 500): 12.7% a year, volatility 17.1%VIRT: 20.8% a year, volatility 33.8%CBOE: 21.5% a year, volatility 25.1%IBKR: 35.4% a year, volatility 35.4%GS: 19.6% a year, volatility 28.6%FUTU: 10.4% a year, volatility 70.2%COIN: −11.5% a year, volatility 86.9%TIGR: −13.1% a year, volatility 79.4%NDAQ: 8.9% a year, volatility 24.7%PYPL: −25.9% a year, volatility 43.3%CME: 11.2% a year, volatility 20.8%OPY: 17.2% a year, volatility 33.4%MS: 16.0% a year, volatility 28.8%LPLA: 13.6% a year, volatility 36.2%RJF: 10.4% a year, volatility 27.9%SCHW: 3.6% a year, volatility 31.9%SF: 8.4% a year, volatility 31.0%JEF: 5.4% a year, volatility 36.5%SOFI: −7.0% a year, volatility 65.7%HOODSPY (S&P 500)VIRTCBOEIBKRGSFUTUCOINTIGRNDAQPYPLOPYMSLPLASCHWSFJEFSOFI0.0%20.0%40.0%60.0%80.0%100%−40.0%−20.0%0.0%20.0%40.0%Volatility over 5 years (annualized)Annual return over 5 yearsHigher return, lower volatilityLower return, higher volatilityHOOD: 18.6% a year, volatility 68.6%SPY (S&P 500): 12.7% a year, volatility 17.1%VIRT: 20.8% a year, volatility 33.8%CBOE: 21.5% a year, volatility 25.1%IBKR: 35.4% a year, volatility 35.4%GS: 19.6% a year, volatility 28.6%FUTU: 10.4% a year, volatility 70.2%COIN: −11.5% a year, volatility 86.9%TIGR: −13.1% a year, volatility 79.4%NDAQ: 8.9% a year, volatility 24.7%PYPL: −25.9% a year, volatility 43.3%CME: 11.2% a year, volatility 20.8%OPY: 17.2% a year, volatility 33.4%MS: 16.0% a year, volatility 28.8%LPLA: 13.6% a year, volatility 36.2%RJF: 10.4% a year, volatility 27.9%SCHW: 3.6% a year, volatility 31.9%SF: 8.4% a year, volatility 31.0%JEF: 5.4% a year, volatility 36.5%SOFI: −7.0% a year, volatility 65.7%HOODSPY (S&P 500)VIRTCBOEIBKRFUTUCOINTIGRNDAQPYPLCMEOPYSCHWJEFSOFI
All figures
InvestmentAnnual returnVolatility
IBKR Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.+35.4%35.4%
CBOE Cboe Global Markets, Inc.+21.5%25.1%
VIRT Virtu Financial, Inc.+20.8%33.8%
GS The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.+19.6%28.6%
HOOD This pageRobinhood Markets, Inc.+18.6%68.6%
OPY Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.+17.2%33.4%
MS Morgan Stanley+16.0%28.8%
LPLA LPL Financial Holdings Inc.+13.6%36.2%
SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF+12.7%17.1%
CME CME Group Inc.+11.2%20.8%
RJF Raymond James Financial, Inc.+10.4%27.9%
FUTU Futu Holdings Limited+10.4%70.2%
NDAQ Nasdaq, Inc.+8.9%24.7%
SF Stifel Financial Corp+8.4%31.0%
JEF Jefferies Financial Group Inc.+5.4%36.5%
SCHW The Charles Schwab Corporation+3.6%31.9%
SOFI SoFi Technologies, Inc.−7.0%65.7%
COIN Coinbase Global, Inc.−11.5%86.9%
TIGR UP Fintech Holding Ltd. Sponsored ADR Class A−13.1%79.4%
PYPL PayPal Holdings, Inc.−25.9%43.3%
Open these 20 in EasyCompare

Has HOOD consistently beaten its popular alternatives?

This section compares HOOD with the investments people most often weigh against it, checking each one over seven periods from one month to five years. Counting how often an alternative earned more than HOOD helps separate lasting outperformance from a single strong stretch.

A green cell means the alternative earned more than HOOD over that period. "Qualified" marks those that did so in at least 3 of 5 short-term periods and 2 of 2 long-term periods.

InvestmentPeriods outperformed Short termLong termRisk · 5 yearsFund
1M3M6MYTD1Y3Y5YVolatilitylower is calmerSharpehigher is betterWorst declinepast 10 yearsExpenseAssetsOverlapsame sectors
HOOD Robinhood Markets, Inc. (this page)—−20.3%−1.1%+7.6%−14.8%−27.7%+976%+135%68.6%0.59−90.2%—$78B—
VIRT Financial - Capital MarketsVirtu Financial, Inc.5/5 short1/2 long−1.5%+1.1%+13.8%+77.5%+76.5%+243%+158%33.8%0.73−56.2%—$5.0B—
CBOE Financial - Data & Stock ExchangesCboe Global Markets, Inc.4/5 short1/2 long+16.1%+13.5%+4.0%+27.9%+34.2%+101%+165%25.1%0.91−43.2%—$33B—
IBKR Investment - Banking & Investment ServicesInteractive Brokers Group, Inc.3/5 short1/2 long−11.1%−9.5%+2.2%+23.7%+24.4%+320%+355%35.4%1.04−55.1%—$146B—
GS Financial - Capital MarketsThe Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.3/5 short1/2 long−7.8%−15.7%−5.2%−1.8%+18.2%+215%+145%28.6%0.77−48.8%—$258B—
NDAQ Financial - Data & Stock ExchangesNasdaq, Inc.5/5 short0/2 long+0.1%+3.5%+8.8%−0.9%+8.1%+95.1%+52.9%24.7%0.47−38.3%—$53B—
PYPL Financial - Credit ServicesPayPal Holdings, Inc.5/5 short0/2 long+8.6%+0.8%+11.7%−0.9%−16.5%+8.2%−77.6%43.3%-0.47−87.3%—$49B—
CME Financial - Data & Stock ExchangesCME Group Inc.4/5 short0/2 long+7.2%+21.0%+3.8%+13.2%+14.6%+57.7%+70.1%20.8%0.62−37.4%—$106B—
IBIT CryptoiShares Bitcoin Trust ETF4/5 short0/2 long−4.7%+26.6%+8.0%−8.3%−25.8%————−53.3%0.25%$65B—
OPY Financial - Capital MarketsOppenheimer Holdings Inc.3/5 short0/2 long−15.5%−6.8%−11.0%+39.4%+50.8%+201%+121%33.4%0.64−54.9%—$1.1B—
MS Financial - Capital MarketsMorgan Stanley3/5 short0/2 long−12.5%−14.0%−4.4%+0.8%+13.9%+170%+110%28.8%0.66−51.3%—$285B—
LPLA Financial - Capital MarketsLPL Financial Holdings Inc.3/5 short0/2 long−3.1%−1.8%−0.3%−10.7%−4.9%+47.1%+88.9%36.2%0.54−60.3%—$25B—
RJF Asset ManagementRaymond James Financial, Inc.3/5 short0/2 long−5.7%−7.4%+2.7%−4.1%−4.5%+69.5%+64.2%27.9%0.50−45.6%—$30B—
SCHW Financial - Capital MarketsThe Charles Schwab Corporation3/5 short0/2 long−15.0%−11.1%−1.8%−9.6%−3.1%+86.2%+19.1%31.9%0.27−51.1%—$157B—
FUTU Financial - Capital MarketsFutu Holdings Limited2/5 short0/2 long−7.5%+7.4%−36.0%−39.9%−36.1%+89.7%+63.7%70.2%0.49−87.2%—$15B—
SF Financial - Capital MarketsStifel Financial Corp2/5 short0/2 long−11.7%−13.4%−17.4%−20.8%−9.0%+86.5%+49.5%31.0%0.41−51.8%—$10B—
JEF Financial - Capital MarketsJefferies Financial Group Inc.2/5 short0/2 long−5.9%−17.8%−3.9%−27.5%−14.2%+51.7%+30.3%36.5%0.33−54.4%—$8.5B—
COIN Financial - Data & Stock ExchangesCoinbase Global, Inc.2/5 short0/2 long−15.0%+6.5%−19.3%−27.8%−50.3%+129%−45.7%86.9%0.29−90.9%—$45B—
SOFI Financial - Credit ServicesSoFi Technologies, Inc.1/5 short0/2 long−13.5%−13.7%−24.7%−46.5%−48.8%+99.2%−30.3%65.7%0.21−83.3%—$19B—
TIGR Financial - Capital MarketsUP Fintech Holding Ltd. Sponsored ADR Class A1/5 short0/2 long−16.2%−12.4%−42.3%−60.7%−58.6%−9.7%−50.5%79.4%0.21−93.7%—$737M—
ETOR Financial - Capital MarketseToro Group Ltd.1/5 short0/2 long−14.9%−33.5%−37.3%−31.6%−38.3%————−68.3%—$2.0B—
BULL Software - ApplicationWebull Corporation Class A Ordinary Shares0/5 short0/2 long−26.9%−21.6%−14.0%−26.4%−47.5%−43.9%———−92.6%—$3.3B—
Open these 22 in EasyCompare

How did HOOD do year by year?

This table shows each investment's total return in every full calendar year since 2022, along with where HOOD ranked among its popular alternatives each year. Annual results reveal how consistently each one kept pace with HOOD and how far its good and bad years diverged, detail that multiyear averages tend to smooth over.

Note: HOOD began trading on July 29, 2021, so the table starts with 2022, its first full calendar year, and cannot show how it fared during the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.

Newest year first. Green marks a year in which the fund came out ahead of HOOD; gray means the two finished within a fraction of a point. The rank row places HOOD among the alternatives that traded the full year; dark green is the top quarter and red the bottom quarter.

InvestmentYears ahead of HOOD2025202420232022
HOOD This pageRobinhood Markets, Inc.—+204%+192%+56.5%−54.2%
Rank among alternativesTop quarter in 3 of 41 of 211 of 203 of 2016 of 19
SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF1 of 4+17.7%+24.9%+26.2%−18.2%
VIRT Virtu Financial, Inc.1 of 4−4.2%+83.0%+4.6%−26.5%
CBOE Cboe Global Markets, Inc.1 of 4+30.0%+10.7%+44.4%−2.1%
IBKR Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.1 of 4+46.3%+114%+15.2%−8.3%
GS The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.1 of 4+56.6%+52.0%+15.9%−7.9%
NDAQ Nasdaq, Inc.1 of 4+27.2%+34.9%−3.7%−11.2%
PYPL PayPal Holdings, Inc.0 of 4−31.4%+39.0%−13.8%−62.2%
CME CME Group Inc.1 of 4+19.8%+15.4%+31.3%−22.9%
IBIT iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF0 of 1−6.4%———
OPY Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.1 of 4+15.5%+57.3%−0.9%−7.2%
MS Morgan Stanley1 of 4+45.2%+39.7%+13.9%−10.3%
LPLA LPL Financial Holdings Inc.1 of 4+9.8%+44.1%+5.9%+35.7%
RJF Raymond James Financial, Inc.1 of 4+4.7%+40.8%+6.1%+8.3%
SCHW The Charles Schwab Corporation1 of 4+36.6%+9.2%−16.0%+0.1%
FUTU Futu Holdings Limited1 of 4+105%+49.8%+34.4%−6.1%
SF Stifel Financial Corp1 of 4+20.9%+57.2%+22.7%−14.8%
JEF Jefferies Financial Group Inc.1 of 4−18.8%+98.9%+27.8%−8.5%
COIN Coinbase Global, Inc.1 of 4−8.9%+42.8%+391%−86.0%
SOFI SoFi Technologies, Inc.1 of 4+70.0%+54.8%+116%−70.8%
TIGR UP Fintech Holding Ltd. Sponsored ADR Class A1 of 4+48.0%+46.2%+29.6%−30.6%
BULL Webull Corporation Class A Ordinary Shares0 of 3−33.2%+7.5%+6.3%—
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Risk and diversification

How HOOD has fallen, how it held up in crashes beside the S&P 500 and its popular alternatives, and what moves independently of it.

What were HOOD's worst declines?

A drawdown is the decline from a peak to the lowest point before a new high. This section presents HOOD's five deepest drawdowns since it began trading in 2021, alongside the S&P 500's return over the same dates, and how long each took to recover. Together, these figures show how much an investor could have lost and how long it took to get back to even.

Note: HOOD began trading on July 29, 2021, so this list cannot include the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. The crash tests on this page show how older funds and the S&P 500 fared through those years.

Green means HOOD fell less than the S&P 500 over the same dates. Based on daily closing prices with dividends reinvested.

DuringHOOD fellS&P 500, same datesPeakLowTime to the lowBack at the peakTime to recover
2022 bear market−90.2%−15.7%Aug 2021Jun 202210 monthsJun 20253 years
No named crash−57.3%−5.3%Oct 2025Mar 20265 monthsNot yet—
No named crash−12.3%+0.1%Aug 2025Sep 20251 monthSep 2025Under a month
No named crash−9.0%−0.9%Jul 2025Aug 20251 monthAug 2025Under a month
No named crash−6.9%0.0%Jul 2025Jul 2025Under a monthJul 2025Under a month

How did HOOD do in stock market crashes?

This section measures how far HOOD, the S&P 500 and each alternative fell from peak to trough during every major market crash since 2000. A smaller decline means an investment held up better, and comparing results across crashes shows whether that resilience was consistent or a one-off.

Note: HOOD began trading on July 29, 2021, so its row reads "Not yet trading" for the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. The older alternatives and the S&P 500 show how those crashes played out.

Newest crash first. Each figure is the fund's deepest fall within the crash window; green means a smaller fall than HOOD.

InvestmentHeld up better2023 regional bank crisisMar 20232022 bear marketJan 2022Covid crashFeb 2020Late-2018 sell-offSep 2018February 2018 volatility shockFeb 20182015 China and oil sell-offAug 20152011 euro debt crisisJul 20112010 flash crashMay 20102008 financial crisisOct 2007Dot-com bustMar 2000
HOOD This pageRobinhood Markets, Inc.—−6.8%−60.4%Not yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet tradingNot yet trading
SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF2 of 2−3.4%−24.5%−33.7%−19.3%−6.5%−12.8%−17.9%−1.5%−55.2%−47.5%
VIRT Virtu Financial, Inc.1 of 2−8.7%−44.4%−21.7%−9.6%−3.4%−20.9%————
CBOE Cboe Global Markets, Inc.2 of 2−3.7%−16.4%−38.6%−18.9%−20.4%−17.0%−11.8%———
IBKR Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.1 of 2−14.3%−33.3%−38.0%−18.2%−5.6%−32.6%−14.2%−2.6%−63.7%—
GS The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.1 of 2−9.7%−30.5%−42.8%−33.3%−5.3%−31.2%−34.3%0.0%−78.8%−54.7%
NDAQ Nasdaq, Inc.2 of 2−5.7%−27.8%−37.1%−16.7%−6.4%−10.1%−16.1%−5.3%−68.5%—
PYPL PayPal Holdings, Inc.1 of 2−4.4%−63.8%−31.2%−16.7%−5.6%−21.6%————
CME CME Group Inc.2 of 2−3.4%−31.7%−37.4%−9.4%−4.3%−17.3%−18.0%−1.9%−77.5%—
OPY Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.1 of 2−9.9%−41.4%−46.3%−28.1%−7.4%−35.6%−47.9%−5.4%−85.3%−30.3%
MS Morgan Stanley1 of 2−8.2%−32.4%−50.6%−24.6%−6.7%−43.9%−47.7%0.0%−86.2%−72.0%
LPLA LPL Financial Holdings Inc.1 of 2−19.8%−24.7%−60.3%−19.8%−4.5%−46.0%−28.1%———
RJF Raymond James Financial, Inc.1 of 2−16.2%−25.8%−45.6%−26.5%−8.8%−31.6%−29.3%−0.3%−69.7%−40.7%
SCHW The Charles Schwab Corporation1 of 2−31.9%−36.9%−41.5%−26.5%−8.2%−37.0%−28.9%−5.5%−56.0%−83.1%
FUTU Futu Holdings Limited1 of 2−6.9%−50.2%−37.8%———————
SF Stifel Financial Corp1 of 2−17.1%−34.9%−51.8%−28.7%−8.3%−47.4%−39.6%−4.2%−41.5%−31.3%
JEF Jefferies Financial Group Inc.1 of 2−15.2%−35.3%−48.3%−29.9%−9.3%−37.0%−39.3%−3.3%−80.7%−28.6%
COIN Coinbase Global, Inc.0 of 2−15.2%−81.2%————————
SOFI SoFi Technologies, Inc.0 of 2−15.2%−67.8%————————
TIGR UP Fintech Holding Ltd. Sponsored ADR Class A1 of 2−13.1%−50.8%−44.4%———————
BULL Webull Corporation Class A Ordinary Shares1 of 1−0.2%—————————
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How closely does HOOD move with the S&P 500?

Upside capture measures how much of the S&P 500's gains an investment kept in the months the market rose, and downside capture how much of its losses it took in the months the market fell. An investment that captures more of the gains than the losses has compounded ahead of the market over time. This section compares HOOD with its popular alternatives on both measures, and on beta (how strongly each has moved with the market), over the past 5 years.

Monthly total returns over the past 5 years, measured against SPY. 100% capture or a beta of 1.00 means moving in line with the S&P 500. Green marks a better figure than HOOD's: more upside, less downside or a higher capture ratio. Sorted by capture ratio.

InvestmentUpside captureDownside captureCapture ratioBeta
HOOD This pageRobinhood Markets, Inc.220%256%0.862.34
VIRT Virtu Financial, Inc.79%21%3.860.65
CME CME Group Inc.42%13%3.290.24
LPLA LPL Financial Holdings Inc.64%30%2.110.54
CBOE Cboe Global Markets, Inc.81%40%2.030.42
IBKR Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.178%100%1.781.36
OPY Oppenheimer Holdings Inc.110%67%1.651.11
GS The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.150%144%1.051.29
RJF Raymond James Financial, Inc.92%90%1.020.93
MS Morgan Stanley134%137%0.981.22
SF Stifel Financial Corp110%127%0.871.01
SCHW The Charles Schwab Corporation76%92%0.820.79
NDAQ Nasdaq, Inc.110%143%0.770.99
FUTU Futu Holdings Limited68%94%0.720.46
JEF Jefferies Financial Group Inc.159%226%0.701.58
SOFI SoFi Technologies, Inc.178%305%0.592.33
COIN Coinbase Global, Inc.187%339%0.553.40
PYPL PayPal Holdings, Inc.47%273%0.171.27
TIGR UP Fintech Holding Ltd. Sponsored ADR Class A7%117%0.060.43
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What diversifies HOOD?

Correlation measures how closely two investments move together, on a scale from 1 (in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to -1 (in opposite directions). This section lists large ETFs and stocks whose returns have had a low correlation with HOOD's. Because such investments tend not to fall at the same time, pairing HOOD with them can reduce a portfolio's overall swings.

Only ETFs with at least $1.0B in assets and stocks worth at least $10B, with a correlation below 0.5 over the past 5 years and a positive return, are included, ranked by Sharpe ratio; funds that hold the same thing are shown once. The year columns are the years in which HOOD lost money. The last two columns show a portfolio that is 80% HOOD and 20% the other investment, rebalanced monthly.

ETFs

InvestmentCorrelation5Y returnSharpe202280/20 mix volatility80/20 mix annual return
HOOD Robinhood Markets, Inc. (this page)1.00+135%0.59−54.2%72.9%+21.7%
LVHI InternationalFranklin International Low Volatility High Dividend Index ETF0.07+119%1.48+3.8%58.5%+25.2%
DXJ InternationalWisdomTree Japan Hedged Equity Fund0.16+225%1.34+6.0%58.8%+27.2%
EMLP Broad MarketFirst Trust North American Energy Infrastructure Fund0.24+101%1.04+10.4%59.1%+24.7%
HDV Dividend & IncomeiShares Core High Dividend ETF0.09+83.3%1.00+7.1%58.6%+24.2%
SMH TechnologyVanEck Semiconductor ETF0.41+323%0.97−33.5%61.5%+28.5%
DBEF InternationalXtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF0.33+85.0%0.96−5.1%59.1%+24.1%
GLD CommoditiesSPDR Gold Shares-0.01+126%0.96−0.8%58.4%+25.8%
FFLC Broad MarketFidelity Fundamental Large Cap Core ETF0.49+107%0.950.0%59.9%+24.5%

Stocks

InvestmentCorrelation5Y returnSharpe202280/20 mix volatility80/20 mix annual return
HOOD Robinhood Markets, Inc. (this page)1.00+135%0.59−54.2%72.9%+21.7%
CAH Medical - DistributionCardinal Health, Inc.0.10+479%1.55+54.1%59.1%+29.8%
FIX Engineering & ConstructionComfort Systems USA, Inc.0.38+1,636%1.46+17.0%62.3%+37.7%
MCK Medical - DistributionMcKesson Corporation0.04+413%1.44+51.8%58.7%+29.5%
MPC Oil & Gas Refining & MarketingMarathon Petroleum Corporation0.16+690%1.41+86.6%59.7%+31.7%
HWM Aerospace & DefenseHowmet Aerospace Inc.0.34+594%1.36+24.2%61.0%+31.3%
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Common questions

What was HOOD's worst drawdown?

HOOD's deepest decline since it began trading in 2021 was 90.2%, from August 2021 to June 2022. It took about three years from the low to climb back to its old high. Because HOOD launched in July 2021, that record does not include the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.

What were HOOD's best and worst years?

Over four full calendar years, HOOD's best year was 2025, when it returned 204%. Its worst was 2022, with a return of -54.2%.

Is there a better investment than HOOD?

Among HOOD's popular alternatives, IBKR, GS and CBOE earned more than HOOD with less volatility over the past 5 years. IBKR returned 35.4% a year at 35.4% volatility, against 18.6% a year at 68.6%. Looking beyond its popular alternatives, HSBC (banks) and MUFG (banks) earned more than HOOD with less volatility over the past 5 years. HSBC returned 33.1% a year at 25.9% volatility, against 18.6% a year at 68.6%.

Is HOOD more volatile than the S&P 500?

Yes. HOOD's volatility over the past 5 years was 68.6%, 4.0 times the S&P 500's 17.1%. Volatility measures how widely returns swing around their average: in roughly two years out of three, HOOD's return lands within 68.6% of its average, either way. The higher it is, the rougher the ride and the harder it is to hold through a slump.

What is HOOD's Sharpe ratio?

HOOD's Sharpe ratio over the past 5 years was 0.59, against 0.79 for the S&P 500, so HOOD earned less for each unit of risk than an index fund did. The Sharpe ratio is the return earned above cash for each unit of volatility: two investments with the same return are not equal if one got there with far bigger swings.

How correlated is HOOD with the S&P 500?

Over the past 5 years, HOOD's monthly returns had a correlation of 0.50 with the S&P 500. Correlation runs from 1 (moving in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to −1 (moving in opposite directions). They often move together: some diversification next to an index fund, but not a cushion. In the table, the correlation column measures each option against HOOD instead: the lower it is, the more that option would diversify a HOOD holding.

What are the best alternatives to HOOD?

None of the 21 popular alternatives we compared outperformed HOOD in at least 3 of 5 short-term and 2 of 2 long-term timeframes, which says more about HOOD's strength than about its alternatives.

Did HOOD outperform the S&P 500?

HOOD finished ahead of the S&P 500 (SPY) in three of four full calendar years. In 2025, it returned +204%, against +17.7% for the index.

How did HOOD do in stock market crashes?

HOOD fell less than the S&P 500 (SPY) in none of the two major crashes it has traded through, and further in two. The clearest case was the 2022 bear market, when HOOD fell 60.4% and the S&P 500 fell 24.5%.

What diversifies HOOD?

These had a low correlation with HOOD over the past 5 years and still earned a positive 5-year return: among large ETFs, LVHI (correlation 0.07), DXJ (correlation 0.16) and EMLP (correlation 0.24); among large stocks, CAH (correlation 0.10), FIX (correlation 0.38) and MCK (correlation 0.04). A correlation near zero means the two have moved largely independently.

How we measure

More research

Popular alternatives to HOOD

Other stocks and ETFs